定语从句讲解（牛津英语八年级下Chapter6同步讲练）

      定语从句是复合句的一种，它作定语修饰名词或代词，放在被它修饰的名词或代词后面。定语从句用关系代词引导（也叫连接词），其前的名词叫先行词，牛津英语主要学习由who,that,which引导的定语从句。
一、定语从句构成基本原则
      This  is  a  girl. The girl won  the prize.
    = This is a girl who won  the prize.
二、 定语从句关系代词用法
    1 先行词是人时，用who或that，先行词是物时，用which或that，也就是说不管相形词是人还是物that都可通用。看来that这家伙很活跃、很霸道,which就老实多了，只能用在物后面。
    （1）Do you  know the girl who/that is playing under the tree?
     (2)  Give me the ruler which/that is on the desk.
三、 “霸道”的that专用一一数（共5种情况）
    1 先行词为all,some,any,something,anything,nothing,few,little,much等代词修饰时
    2  先行词被the only,the last, the very, the same 修饰时
    3 先行词被序数词，形容词最高级修饰时
    4 先行词既有人又有物时
    5 主语有who/which,为避免重复时
   （巧记：1--3归纳为：先行词中有修饰，千万不能用which )
四、巩固理解练习
 1 The boy _____ broken the window is called Qian Long.
 2 The girl_____ often helps me with my English is from Hunan.
 3 The man _____ gave us a talk is a scientist.
 4 Qian Long likes music ____ is quiet and gentle.
 5 The pen ____ he is writing with is mine.
 6 This is the book ____ he bought yesterday.
 7 There is something ____ you can buy in this shop.
 8 All ____ you must do is to read it every morming.
 9 The only thing ____ we can do it is to write.
 10 This is the same MP5 ____ I lost.
 11 This is the funnest film ___ I have ever seen.
12 Qian Long was the first student ___ passed the exam.
13 I talk about the teachers and school ___ I have visited.
14 He saw the vegetables and fruit ___ filled the fridge.
15 Who is the girl ___ is playing the piano?
16 Which is the dress ___ fits me ?
 答案：1--3 who/that  4--6 which/that 7--8 that 9--10 that 11--12 that 13--14 that  15--16 that
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