反意疑问句精讲

反意疑问句（又叫疑问尾句或附加疑问句）是附加在陈述句后面的一种简短的问句，表示对陈述句所陈述的事实提出看法，询问对方是否同意。反意疑问句的基本构成形式是：陈述句+(肯定或否定的)助动词/情态动词/be动词+主语。

【例句展示】

  1. The children enjoyed themselves at yesterday’s party, didn’t they?

  2. The film The Flowers of War wasn’t directed by Zhang Yimou, was it?

  3. You and I could hardly work together, could we?

  4. Everyone has advised you not to go on a diet, haven’t they?

  5. At first, nothing seemed easy, did it?

  6. Don’t make any noise, will you?

  7. Let’s go to our teacher for some advice, shall we?

  8. Playing soccer is popular all over the world, isn’t it?

  9. He used to live in Beijing, usedn’t / didn’t he?

10. He studies hard and he is the best one in his class, isn’t he？

11. You say that you will buy yourself a new iPhone when the next updated type comes onto the market, don’t you？

12. I’m sure that the teacher’s told you about me, hasn’t he？

13. I don’t think he will come, will he？

14. He must be helping the old man to water the flowers, isn’t he?

【知识归纳】

1. 一般说来，肯定的陈述句后面跟否定的附加疑问句，否定的陈述句后面跟肯定的附加疑问句，同时陈述句和附加疑问句的主语以及谓语动词的人称、数、时态通常要保持一致。如例句1和2。

2. 当陈述部分带有neither, none, never, nobody, nothing, nowhere, few, little, hardly, seldom等含有否定意义的词时，附加疑问部分一般用肯定式。如例句3。

3. 当陈述部分的主语是不定代词everybody, anybody, somebody, nobody, everyone, anyone, someone, no one, none时，附加疑问部分的主语通常用they。如例句4。

4. 当陈述部分的主语是不定代词everything, anything, something, nothing, none of + 表示物的名词或代词时，附加疑问部分的主语要用it。如例句5。

5. 如果陈述部分是肯定祈使句，附加疑问部分使用“will you?” 或“won’t you?” 如果祈使句为否定形式，附加疑问部分只能用will you。如例句6。以Let’s 开头的祈使句，附加疑问部分用shall we。如例句7。以Let us / him / me等开头的祈使句，附加疑问部分仍然用will you。又如：Let him help us, will you?

6. 当陈述部分是V-ing、动词不定式或从句作主语时，附加疑问部分的主语用it。如例句8。

7. 当陈述部分有used to时，附加疑问部分可以用助动词did，也可以用use(d)n’t。如例句9。

8. 如陈述部分是由and, or, for, but等引起的并列句，附加疑问部分则与第二个句子保持一致。如例句10。

9. 陈述部分是主从复合句时，附加疑问部分通常与主句一致。如例句11。

10. 在含宾语从句的主从复合句中，如陈述部分为I’m sure / I’m afraid / I’m told + that从句或I / We think (believe, suppose, consider, guess，expect, imagine) + that从句时，附加疑问部分的动词及主语与that从句内的动词和主语保持一致，如例句12；若陈述部分为I / We don’t think (believe, suppose, consider，guess，expect, imagine) + that从句时，附加疑问部分的动词和主语仍与that从句保持一致但要用肯定式，如例句13。又如：

We think he is tired of the job, isn’t he？

I’m told they will come to join us, won’t they？

11. 陈述句中含有表示推测意义的情态动词时，附加疑问部分的动词取决于情态动词后实义动词的时态形式。如例句14。又如：

They can’t be quarrelling, are they?

You must have seen the film, haven’t you?

He must have met her yesterday, didn’t he?

The work must have been finished by the time you got there, hadn’t it?