500年前殖民家哥伦布是怎样发现美洲新大陆的
Christopher Columbus(1451 - 1506)was known as a great Italian explorer.He sailed across the Atlantic Ocean in 1492,hoping to find a route to Indian to trade for spices.He made four trips in total to the Caribbean and South America during 1492-1504.
On his first trip,Columbus led an expedition with three ships,the Nina,the pinta and the Santa Maria as well as about 90 crew members.They set sail on August 3,1492 from Spain,and on October 11,1492,spotted the Carbbean islands off South-eastern North America.They landed on an island which Columbus later named San Salvador.They were met by the local Taino Indeans.Columbus thought he had made it to Asia,and called this area the Indies,and called its inhabitants Indeans.On the return trip,the the Santa Maria was wrecked and the captain of the Pinta sailed off himself to try to beat Comlumbus back.Columbus returned to Spain in the Nina on March 15,1493.
Columbus went on a second,larger expedition from September 25,1493 to June 11,1496.This time he sailed with 17ships and 1,200 to 1,500 men in order to find gild and capture Indeans as slaves in the Indies.He established a base in Hispaniola and sailed around Hispaniola and along the length of southern Cuba.He spotted and named the island of Dominica on November 3,1493.
On his thirs expediyion(May 30,1498-October 1500),Columbus sailed farther south,to Trinidad and Venezuela.
On his last expedition(May 9,1502-November 7,1504),Columbus sailed to Mexico,Honduras and Panama(In Central America)and Santiago(Jamaica).
克里斯托弗·哥伦布（1451——1505）作为一名伟大的意大利探索家而闻名。1492年他航海穿过大西洋，希望找到一条去印度的路做香料贸易。在1492年至1504年间，他去加勒比海（南、北美洲之间的海）和南美洲共有4次行程。
第一次行程，哥伦布带领3只船的考察队：尼娜号、平塔号、圣玛利亚号，也约有90名队员，他们于1492年8月3日从西班牙出发。1492年10月11日发现了北美东南的加勒比海岛屿。他们着陆在一个后来被哥伦布命名为圣萨尔瓦多的岛（现为墨西哥南面的一个小国家），本土泰诺印第安人遇见了他们，哥伦布以为成功到达亚洲，称此地区为印度，叫它这里的居民为印第安人。返回途中，圣玛亚号被撞坏了，平塔号船长独自航行试图击退哥伦布，哥伦布乘尼娜号返回西班牙在1493年3月15日。
哥伦布继续第二次，1493年9月25日至1496年6月11日更大的考察队伍。带着17只船和1200——1500人，为了找到黄金和俘虏印度的印第安人为奴隶，他在伊斯帕尼奥拉岛（古巴岛东南、即海地和多米尼加）建立基地并在岛附近和古巴南部范围航行，他在1493年11月3日发现并命名多米尼加岛。
第三次考察（1498年5月30日——1500年10月）哥伦布航行到更远的南部，达到特立尼达和委内瑞拉。
最后一次考察（1502.5.9—1504.11.7）哥伦布航行到了墨西哥，洪都拉斯，巴拿马（中美洲）和圣地亚哥（智利首都），牙买加。（深圳家教·龙华家教谭老师亲笔翻译并录入） |
